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The adverse metabolic effects of branched-chain amino acids are mediated by isoleucine and valine

by DeyangYu12312, Nicole E.Richardson12412, Cara L.Green12, Alexandra B.Spicer5, Michaela E.Murphy126, VictoriaFlores126, CholsoonJang78, IldikoKasza9, MariaNikodemova5, Matthew H.Wakai12, Jay L.Tomasiewicz1, Shany E.Yang12, Blake R.Miller12, Heidi H.Pak12, Jacqueline A.Brinkman12, Jennifer M.Rojas10, William J.QuinnIII10, Eunhae P.Cheng12, Elizabeth N.Konon12, Lexington R.Haider12, Dudley W.Lamming123461113

Abstract: Highlights•Reduced isoleucine or valine, but not leucine, promotes metabolic health in mice•Reduced isoleucine is required for the metabolic benefits of a low-protein diet•The benefits of isoleucine restriction are mediated in part by FGF21•Dietary levels of isoleucine are positively associated with BMI in humans
protein
bcaa
isoleucine

Having previously established the positive effects of protein restriction, and having narrowed it down to BCAA restriction, this experiment sought to test which of the 3 BCAAs is mediating the effect. It turned out to be mostly isoleucine, with valine playing a smaller role. FGF21 was shown to be part of what mediated the effects of isoleucine restriction.

Original source: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1550413121001662